Lecture 16:
Achieving Better Goals III:
Implementing Intentions and Ending Procrastination
"Putting off an easy thing makes it hard. Putting off a hard thing makes it impossible.”
— Attributed to George Claude Lorimer
Don’t you hate it when studying for that huge final gets in the way of the sudden decision to deep clean your entire apartment? Or when filling out that work application ruins your rewatching of Ted Lasso for the third time? If you do, congrats! You’re a procrastinator. About 20 percent of people identify as chronic procrastinators, but just about everyone is on the spectrum of procrastinating. Surveys in our class reveal that the average college student is on their phone, scrolling through snapchat, instagram, and Tik-Tok, 5 hours a day! A significant part of that phone use is procrastination. While the tendency to procrastinate is partly genetic, it is first and foremost an avoidance behavior. Luckily, procrastination can be unlearned. Procrastination does not benefit us long-term, often resulting in overwhelming amounts of stress/anxiety, catastrophic thought patterns, low performance levels, and decreased quality of life.
Combating procrastination is an easier task than you think (so don’t procrastinate on reducing procrastination!). To unlearn this habit, these 4 C’s of goal achievement can help: learn to be conscious, calm, critical, and compassionate. Because procrastination often is induced by, and further induces (later on), more stress/anxiety, start by leaning into your fears. Be conscious of fears that may lurk behind the excuse of putting off your tasks until you feel “ready,” and then ask why your fears are there. Get to the bottom of them and start resolving. Be calm. Use mindfulness methods to stop catastrophizing failure and remember these tasks are temporary – your ability to complete them does not define your worth. Staying calm helps you remain focused and make earlier decisions that reduce stress. Next, be critical. Tackling tasks requires both our Rational Decision-Maker (Reflective system) and Instant Gratification Monkey (Automatic system) to work in harmony, leaning too far to either side can lead to burnout or getting nothing done. When starting a task, use your Rational Decision-Maker to create Implementation Intentions, which are clear, purposeful, step-by-step actions that require written out details of how, when, and why you’ll accomplish a goal – this will immensely improve your foresight of making present decisions with future benefits long term. Being critical also requires both Decision-Maker and Gratification Monkey to work together on habit formation, so learn to use healthy habit techniques we learned from Lecture 6. And lastly, always be compassionate with yourself. Forgive yourself for past mistakes and failures, develop a growth mindset to keep going, and learn to celebrate yourself for every step made, big or small. The cycle of procrastination can end, why put your dreams on hold for tomorrow when we are truly only guaranteed today? Today is a gift and never a burden - share with the world what we know you have in you. We cannot wait to see your greatness!
Learning Objectives:
Procrastinating and falling behind have become the norm
Many actions block success such as failing to start, to follow through, being susceptible to fixed mindset, behavior of unhealthy habits, and lack of resilience when facing setbacks
“Instant gratification” is a type of procrastination where the automatic, subconscious system controls the reflective, conscious system
The automatic system (monkey mind) usually wants what seems easy and enjoyable in the moment, whereas the reflective system (rational decision maker) wants what is effective and appropriate long term. Often, the first, or only, tasks finished are those that are easy and appropriate
Critical deadlines (papers/applications/projects due) increase anxiety and panic where the task is completed in a hurry, and done less well. The decrease in enjoyment and the increase in anxiety produce procrastination in the future
Implementation of intentions (If… Then…) can greatly facilitate finishing tasks and achieve goals
Putting Happiness into Practice:
Weekly Activity:
Write a letter to your future self!
How are you doing now and how have you been able to cope the last year or two? How do you feel at this time and how do you feel about the future? What are your goals for the year, and what will you do that is different over the next 12 months. And finally, what would you like to tell your future self?
Read
Read “Implementation Intentions: Strong Effects of Simple Plans” - Peter Gollwitzer
Read “Procrastination, Deadlines, and Performance: Self-Control by Pre-commitment” - Dan Ariely and Klaus Wertenbroch
Read “Ending Procrastination” - Psychology Today
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BOOKS
Happier Hour: How to Beat Distraction, Expand Your Time, and Focus on What Matters Most - Cassie Holmes — purchase here
SCHOLARLY PUBLICATIONS
POPULAR SOURCES
Watch
Listen
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“3 Techniques to Switch From Overthinking to Thinking Effectively and 4 Ways to Turn That Into Action” - On Purpose with Jay Shetty
“3 Ways to Beat Procrastination and Master Self-Discipline” - The School of Greatness
“What is Self-Sabotage” - Selfhealers Soundboard
“Paulo Coelho Part 1: What If the Universe Conspired in Your Favor?” and “Part 2: Your Journey of Self-Discovery” - Super Soul Sunday
“Elizabeth Gilbert: Your Life’s Calling” - Super Soul Sunday
“Intention” - Super Soul Sunday